Ufasiri

Kiswahili

Katika Katiba hii, isipokuwa muktadha uhitaji vinginevyo—

“mtu mzima” inamaanisha mtu ambaye amefikisha umri wa miaka kumi na nane;

“hatua sawazishi” inajumuisha hatua yoyote inayolenga kuondoa hali isiyo na usawa au kunyimwa kwa haki au ukiukaji wa kimfumo wa haki na uhuru wa kimsingi; “mtoto” inamaanisha mtu ambaye hajatimiza umri wa miaka kumi na nane;

“kukiuka” inajumuisha kukosa kutimiza mahitaji yaliyowekwa;

“sheria ya kaunti” inamaanisha sheria iliyotungwa na serikali ya kaunti au chini ya mamlaka yaliyotolewa na Bunge la kaunti;

“ulemavu” inajumuisha ulemavu wowote wa kimwili, kihisia, kiakili, kisaikolojia au ulemavu wa aina nyingine, hali au ugonjwa ambao, au unaochukuliwa na sekta mahususi za kijamii kuwa na athari za muda mrefu kwa uwezo wa mtu wa kutekeleza majukumu yake ya kawaida ya kila siku; “hati” inajumuisha––

(a)chapisho lolote au suala lolote lililoandikwa, kuelezewa au kunakiliwa kwenye kitu chochote kwa kutumia herufi, michoro au alama au zaidi ya mojawapo ya njia hizo ambayo inakusudiwa kutumiwa au inaweza kutumiwa kwa madhumuni ya kurekodi suala hilo; na

(b)faili za kielektroniki;

“tarehe ya kuanza kutumika” inamaanisha tarehe ambayo Katiba hii ilianza kutumika;

“kosa” inajumuisha kukataa;

“mwaka wa kifedha” inamaanisha kipindi cha miezi kumi na miwili kinachomalizika katika siku ya thelathini ya mwezi wa Juni au siku nyingine iliyotolewa na sheria ya kitaifa, lakini mwaka wa kwanza wa kifedha wa shirika lolote ni kipindi kinachoanza wakati wa kubuniwa kwa shirika hilo hadi siku ya thelathini ya Juni ifuatayo, au siku yoyote ile itakayotolewa na sheria ya kitaifa;

“Gazeti” inamaanisha Gazeti Rasmi la Serikali linalochapishwa kutokana na kibali cha serikali ya kitaifa, au gazeti lingine linalochapishwa pamoja na Gazeti Rasmi la Kenya;

“udhamini” inamaanisha ahadi kamili au ahadi yenye masharti au kujitolea kwa serikali ya kitaifa katika ulipaji kamili au kwa kiasi wa mkopo wowote wa serikali ya kaunti au wa mtu yeyote;

“afisa wa mahakama” inamaanisha msajili, naibu wa msajili, hakimu, Kadhi au afisa msimamizi wa mahakama iliyoundwa chini ya Kifungu cha 169 (1)(d); “ardhi” inajumuisha—

(a)eneo la juu la dunia na miamba iliyo chini ya eneo hili;

(b)eneo lolote la maji juu au chini ya eneo la juu la dunia;

(c)maji ya bahari katika eneo la bahari lililo kwenye mipaka ya nchi na eneo la bahari ambalo ni la kiuchumi;

(d)mali-asili zilizopo ndani au chini ya eneo la juu la dunia; na

(e)eneo la anga juu ya eneo la juu la dunia; “sheria” inajumuisha––

(a)Sheria ya Bunge, au sheria iliyotungwa chini ya mamlaka yaliyotolewa na Sheria ya Bunge; au

(b)sheria iliyotungwa na bunge la serikali ya kaunti, au chini ya mamlaka yaliyotolewa na sheria kama hiyo;

“ mkopo” inajumuisha aina yoyote ya kukopa, kukopesha au malipo ya baadaye ambayo yanaweza kulipwa na fedha kutoka kwenye hazina ya umma, au ambayo yanahitajika kulipwa au kulipwa tena, kupitia fedha zilizo kwenye hazina ya umma;

“jamii iliyotengwa” inamaanisha—

(a)jamii ambayo kutokana na idadi ndogo ya watu wake, au kwa sababu nyingineyo, imeshindwa kushiriki kikamilifu katika shughuli za kijumla za maisha ya kijamii na kiuchumi ya Kenya;

(b)jamii ya kitamaduni, ambayo kutokana na hitaji au tamanio la kuhifadhi utamaduni wake wa na kuzuia utambulisho wake kupotea, imebakia nje ya shughuli za kijumla za maisha ya kijamii na kiuchumi ya Kenya;

(c)jamii ya kiasili ambayo imekuza na kudumisha maisha na mitindo ya kitamaduni inayojikita kwenye uchumi wa shughuli za usasi na ukusanyaji; au

(d)wafugaji au jamii za wafugaji, iwe ni—

(i)wa kuhamahama; au

(ii)jamii zinazoishi mahala pamoja na ambazo, kwa sababu ya kutengwa kijiografia, hazijashiriki kikamilifu katika shughuli za kijumla za maisha ya kijamii na kiuchumi ya Kenya;

“kikundi kilichotengwa” inamaanisha kikundi cha watu ambao, kutokana na sheria au hatua za kabla, wakati wa, au baada ya tarehe ya kuanza kutumika kwa Katiba hii, walikuwa wamebaguliwa katika mojawapo au zaidi ya misingi inayotajwa katika Kifungu cha 27 (4);

“sheria ya kitaifa” inamaanisha Sheria ya Bunge, au sheria inayotungwa chini ya mamlaka yaliyotolewa na Sheria ya Bunge; “mali-asili” inamaanisha vitu au hali za kimaumbile zisizo za kibinadamu, ziwe zinaweza kutumiwa tena au la, ikijumuisha-—

(a)mwanga wa jua;

(b)maji kwenye ardhi na chini ya ardhi;

(c)misitu, uanuwai wa kiasili na kinasaba; au

(d)miamba, madini, malighafi ya mafuta na kwingine ambako kawi inapatikana;

“mzee katika jamii” inamaanisha mtu ambaye amefikisha umri wa miaka sitini;

“mtu” inajumuisha kampuni, shirika au kundi la watu, liwe limefanywa kuwa shirika au ambalo sio shirika; “chama cha kisiasa” inamaanisha muungano wa watu uliobainishwa katika Sehemu ya 3 ya Sura ya Saba;

“mali” inajumuisha haki kamili au iliyotolewa ya, au inayotokana na—

(a)ardhi au vitu vya kudumu vilivyo kwenye ardhi, au kuboreshwa kwa ardhi;

(b)bidhaa au mali ya kibinafsi;

(c)uvumbuzi; au

(d)Pesa au njia tofauti zinazotumika kama pesa;

“afisa wa umma” inamaanisha—

(e)afisa yeyote wa Serikali; au

(f)mtu yeyote, mbali na afisa wa Serikali, anayehudumu katika ofisi ya umma;

(g)”ofisi ya umma” inamaanisha ofisi katika serikali ya kitaifa, serikali ya kaunti au katika huduma za umma, ikiwa malipo na marupurupu ya ofisi hiyo yanalipwa moja kwa moja kutoka kwenye Hazina Jumuishi au moja kwa moja kutoka kwenye fedha zilizotengwa na Bunge.

“huduma za umma” inamaanisha jumla ya watu wote, mbali na maafisa wa Serikali, wanaotekeleza jukumu katika kitengo cha Serikali;

“Jamhuri” inamaanisha Jamhuri ya Kenya;

“Serikali” inapotumiwa kama nomino, inamaanisha mkusanyiko wa afisa, vitengo na asasi zingine zinazounda serikali ya Jamhuri chini ya Katiba hii;

“ofisi ya Serikali” inamaanisha yoyote kati ya ofisi zifuatazo–

(a)Rais;

(b)Naibu wa Rais;

(c)Waziri;

(d)Mbunge;

(e)Majaji na Mahakimu;

(f)mwanachama wa tume chini ya Sura ya Kumi na Tano;

(g)anayehudumu katika ofisi huru chini ya Sura ya Kumi na Tano;

(h)mwakilishi wadi katika bunge la kaunti, gavana au naibu wa gavana wa kaunti, au mwanachama yeyote katika kamati ya utendaji katika serikali ya kaunti;

(i)Mwanasheria Mkuu;

(j)Mkurugenzi wa Mashtaka ya Umma;

(k)Katibu wa Baraza la Mawaziri;

(l)Katibu Mkuu;

(m)Mkuu wa Vikosi vya Ulinzi vya Kenya;

(n)kamanda katika huduma ya Vikosi vya Ulinzi vya Kenya;

(o)Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Huduma ya Upelelezi ya Kitaifa;

(p)Inspekta-Jenerali, na Manaibu wa Inspekta-Jenerali wa Huduma za Polisi za Kitaifa; au

(q)ofisi ambayo imebuniwa na kupewa hadhi ya ofisi ya Serikali chini ya sheria ya kitaifa;

“afisa wa Serikali” inamaanisha mtu anayehudumu katika ofisi ya Serikali; “kitengo cha Serikali” inamaanisha tume, ofisi, shirika au asasi nyingine iliyobuniwa chini ya Katiba hii;

“maandishi” inajumuisha upigaji chapa, upigaji picha, lithografia, upigaji taipu, breli na njia yoyote nyingine inayowakilisha au kutoa maneno kwa njia inayoonekana; na “vijana” inamaanisha jumla ya watu wote katika Jamhuri ambao—

(a)wamefikia umri wa miaka kumi na nane; lakini

(b)hawajafikia umri wa miaka thelathini na mitano.

English

Interpretation

In this Constitution, unless the context requires otherwise—

“adult” means an individual who has attained the age of eighteen years;

“affirmative action” includes any measure designed to overcome or ameliorate an inequity or the systemic denial or infringement of a right or fundamental freedom;

“child” means an individual who has not attained the age of eighteen years;

“contravene” includes fail to comply with;

“county legislation” means a law made by a county government or under authority conferred by a county Assembly;

“disability” includes any physical, sensory, mental, psychological or other impairment, condition or illness that has, or is perceived by significant sectors of the community to have, a substantial or long-term effect on an individual’s ability to carry out ordinary day-to-day activities;

“document” includes—

(a)any publication, or any matter written, expressed, or inscribed on any substance by means of letters, figures or marks, or by more than one of those means, that is intended to be used or may be used for the purpose of recording that matter; and

(b)electronic files;

“effective date” means the date that this Constitution came into force;

“fail” includes refuse;

“financial year” means the period of twelve months ending on the thirtieth day of June or other day prescribed by national legislation, but the initial financial year of any entity is the period of time from its coming into existence until the immediately following thirtieth day of June, or other day prescribed by national legislation;

“Gazette” means the Kenya Gazette published by authority of the national government, or a supplement to the Kenya Gazette;

“guarantee” means any absolute or conditional promise, commitment or undertaking by the national government to partially or completely re-pay any loan to a county government or any person;

“judicial officer” means a registrar, deputy registrar, magistrate, Kadhi or the presiding officer of a court established under Article 169 (1) (d);

“land” includes—

(a)the surface of the earth and the subsurface rock;

(b)any body of water on or under the surface;

(c)marine waters in the territorial sea and exclusive economic zone;

(d)natural resources completely contained on or under the surface; and

(e)the air space above the surface;

“legislation” includes—

(a)an Act of Parliament, or a law made under authority conferred by an Act of Parliament; or

(b)a law made by an assembly of a county government, or under authority conferred by such a law;

“loan” includes any form of borrowing, lending or deferred payment in respect of which money from a public fund may be used, or is required to be used, for payment or repayment;

“marginalised community” means—

(a)a community that, because of its relatively small population or for any other reason, has been unable to fully participate in the integrated social and economic life of Kenya as a whole;

(b)a traditional community that, out of a need or desire to preserve its unique culture and identity from assimilation, has remained outside the integrated social and economic life of Kenya as a whole;

(c)an indigenous community that has retained and maintained a traditional lifestyle and livelihood based on a hunter or gatherer economy; or

(d)pastoral persons and communities, whether they are—

(i)nomadic; or

(ii)a settled community that, because of its relative geographic isolation, has experienced only marginal participation in the integrated social and economic life of Kenya as a whole;

“marginalised group” means a group of people who, because of laws or practices before, on, or after the effective date, were or are disadvantaged by discrimination on one or more of the grounds in Article 27 (4);

“national legislation” means an Act of Parliament, or a law made under authority conferred by an Act of Parliament;

“natural resources” means the physical non-human factors and components, whether renewable or non-renewable, including—

(a)sunlight;

(b)surface and groundwater;

(c)forests, biodiversity and genetic resources; and

(d)rocks, minerals, fossil fuels and other sources of energy;

“older member of society” means a person who has attained the age of sixty years;

“person” includes a company, association or other body of persons whether incorporated or unincorporated;

“political party” means an association contemplated in Part 3 of Chapter Seven;

“property” includes any vested or contingent right to, or interest in or arising from—

(a)land, or permanent fixtures on, or improvements to, land;

(b)goods or personal property;

(c)intellectual property; or

(d)money, choses in action or negotiable instruments;

“public officer” means—

(a)any State officer; or

(b)any person, other that a State Officer, who holds a public office;

“public office” means an office in the national government, a county government or the public service, if the remuneration and benefits of the office are payable directly from the Consolidated Fund or directly out of money provided by Parliament;

“public service” means the collectivity of all individuals, other than State officers, performing a function within a State organ;

“Republic” means the Republic of Kenya;

“State”, when used as a noun, means the collectivity of offices, organs and other entities comprising the government of the Republic under this Constitution;

“State office” means any of the following offices—

(a)President;

(b)Deputy President;

(c)Cabinet Secretary;

(d)Member of Parliament;

(e)Judges and Magistrates;

(f)member of a commission to which Chapter Fifteen applies;

(g)holder of an independent office to which Chapter Fifteen applies;

(h)member of a county assembly, governor or deputy governor of a county, or other member of the executive committee of a county government;

(i)Attorney-General;

(j)Director of Public Prosecutions;

(k)Secretary to the Cabinet;

(l)Principal Secretary;

(m)Chief of the Kenya Defence Forces;

(n)commander of a service of the Kenya Defence Forces;

(o)Director-General of the National Intelligence Service;

(p)Inspector-General, and the Deputy Inspectors-General, of the National Police Service; or

(q)an office established and designated as a State office by national legislation;

“State officer” means a person holding a State office;

“State organ” means a commission, office, agency or other body established under this Constitution;

“writing” includes printing, photography, lithography, typewriting, Braille, and any other means of representing or reproducing words in a visible form; and “youth” means the collectivity of all individuals in the Republic who—

(a)have attained the age of eighteen years; but (b) have not attained the age of thirty-five years.