Application of Bill of Rights

English

(1)The Bill of Rights applies to all law and binds all State organs and all persons.

(2)Every person shall enjoy the rights and fundamental freedoms in the Bill of Rights to the greatest extent consistent with the nature of the right or fundamental freedom.

(3)In applying a provision of the Bill of Rights, a court shall—

(a)develop the law to the extent that it does not give effect to a right or fundamental freedom; and

(b)adopt the interpretation that most favours the enforcement of a right or fundamental freedom.

(4)In interpreting the Bill of Rights, a court, tribunal or other authority shall promote—

(a)the values that underlie an open and democratic society based on human dignity, equality, equity and freedom; and

(b)the spirit, purport and objects of the Bill of Rights.

(5)In applying any right under Article 43, if the State claims that it does not have the resources to implement the right, a court, tribunal or other authority shall be guided by the following principles—

(a)it is the responsibility of the State to show that the resources are not available;

(b)in allocating resources, the State shall give priority to ensuring the widest possible enjoyment of the right or fundamental freedom having regard to prevailing circumstances, including the vulnerability of particular groups or individuals; and

(c)the court, tribunal or other authority may not interfere with a decision by a State organ concerning the allocation of available resources, solely on the basis that it would have reached a different conclusion.

Kiswahili

Matumizi ya Sheria za Haki

(1)Sheria za Haki zinatumika katika sheria zote na ni lazima zifuatwe na idara zote za Serikali pamoja na watu wote.

(2)Kila mtu atafurahia haki na uhuru wa kimsingi zilizo katika Sheria za Haki kwa kiwango kikubwa iwezekanavyo, kulingana na hali ya haki hiyo au uhuru huo wa kimsingi.

(3)Katika kufasiri kifungu cha Sheria za Haki, mahakama—

(a)itakuza sheria kwa kiwango ambacho kitawezesha utekelezaji wa haki au uhuru wa kimsingi; na

(b)itachukua fasiri inayopendelea utekelezaji wa haki au uhuru wa kimsingi kwa kiwango kikubwa.

(4)Katika kufasiri Sheria za Haki, mahakama, taasisi iliyo na mamlaka ya mahakama au mamlaka nyingine itakuza––

(a)maadili ya kimsingi katika jamii iliyo wazi na ya kidemokrasia, kwenye misingi ya hadhi ya binadamu, usawa na uhuru; na

(b)kusudi, madhumuni na malengo ya Sheria za Haki.

(5)Katika utekelezaji wa haki yoyote chini ya Kifungu cha 43, ikiwa Serikali itadai kwamba haina rasilimali za kutekelezea haki hiyo, mahakama, taasisi iliyo na mamlaka ya mahakama au mamlaka nyingine itaongozwa na kanuni zifuatazo––

(a)ni jukumu la Serikali kuonesha kwamba rasilimali hazipatikani;

(b)katika kugawa rasilimali, Serikali itaweka kipaumbele jukumu la kuhakikisha kwamba kuna manufaa makubwa zaidi ya haki hiyo au uhuru huo wa kimsingi, kulingana na hali ilivyo, ikijumuisha unyonge wa vikundi fulani vya watu au watu binafsi; na

(c)mahakama, taasisi iliyo na mamlaka ya mahakama au mamlaka nyingine haiwezi kuingilia uamuzi wa idara ya Serikali kuhusu ugavi wa rasilimali zinazopatikana, hasa kwenye misingi kwamba ingefikia uamuzi tofauti.