Ardhi ya umma

Kiswahili

(1)Ardhi ya umma ni—

(a)ardhi ambayo ilikuwa inamilikiwa na serikali na ambayo haikuwa imegawanywa wakati wa kuanza kutumika kwa Katiba hii, kama ilivyoelezewa na Sheria ya Bunge wakati iliyokuwa ikitumika wakati wa kuanza kutumika kwa Katiba hii;

(b)ardhi inayomilikiwa, kutumiwa au ambapo idara yoyote ya Serikali inapofanyia kazi, isipokuwa ardhi ambayo idara ya Serikali imekodisha kama mkodishaji wa kibinafsi;

(c)ardhi iliyokabidhiwa Serikali kwa njia ya kuuzwa, kurudishwa au kusalimishwa;

(d)ardhi ambayo umiliki wake wa kijamii au kibinafsi hauwezi kuthibitishwa kupitia mchakato wowote wa kisheria;

(e)ardhi ambayo hakuna mrithi yeyote anayeweza kutambuliwa kupitia mchakato wowote wa kisheria;

(f)ardhi yoyote iliyo na madini au mafuta ya madini kama ilivyoelezewa kisheria;

(g)misitu ya serikali isipokuwa misitu inayotajwa katika Kifungu cha hifadhi za wanyama, chemichemi za maji, mbuga za kitaifa, hifadhi za wanyama za serikali na maeneo maalum yaliyolindwa;

(h)barabara zote kulingana na Sheria ya Bunge;

(i)mito yote, maziwa yote na sehemu zingine za maji kama ilivyoelezewa na Sheria ya Bunge;

(j)mipaka ya bahari, maeneo maalum ya kiuchumi katika bahari na ardhi iliyo chini ya bahari;

(k)Ardhi iliyo chini ya bahari lakini kwenye upande wa bahari usio kuwa wenye kina sana;

(l)Ardhi yote iliyo kati ya nyanda za juu na za chini za maji;

(m)ardhi yoyote ambayo haijaainishwa kama ya kibinafsi au ya jamii chini ya Katiba hii; na

(n)ardhi yoyote iliyotangazwa kuwa ya umma kupitia kwa Sheria ya Bunge—

(i)Iliyokuwa ikitumika katika tarehe ya kuanza kutumika kwa katiba hii; au

(ii)iliyotungwa baada ya tarehe ya kuanza kutumika kwa katiba hii.

(2)Ardhi ya umma itamilikiwa na serikali ya kaunti kwa niaba ya wakazi katika kaunti hiyo, na itasimamiwa kwa niaba yao na Tume ya Kitaifa ya Ardhi ikiwa imeainishwa chini ya—

(a)sehemu ya ibara ya (1) (a), (c), (d) au (e); na

(b)sehemu ya (1) (b), isipokuwa ardhi ambayo inamilikiwa au inatumiwa na idara ya Serikali, au ambapo idara ya Serikali inafanyia kazi.

(3)Ardhi ya umma iliyoainishwa chini ya sehemu ya (1) (f) hadi (m) itamilikiwa na serikali ya kitaifa kwa niaba ya Wakenya na Tume ya Kitaifa ya Ardhi itasimamia ardhi hiyo kwa niaba yao.

(4)Ardhi ya umma haitatolewa au kutumiwa isipokuwa kwa kuzingatia Sheria ya Bunge inayofafanua hali na masharti ya kutolewa au matumizi hayo.

English

Public land

(1)Public land is—

(a)land which at the effective date was unalienated government land as defined by an Act of Parliament in force at the effective date;

(b)land lawfully held, used or occupied by any State organ, except any such land that is occupied by the State organ as lessee under a private lease;

(c)land transferred to the State by way of sale, reversion or surrender;

(d)land in respect of which no individual or community ownership can be established by any legal process;

(e)land in respect of which no heir can be identified by any legal process;

(f)all minerals and mineral oils as defined by law;

(g)government forests other than forests to which Article 63 (2) (d) (i) applies, government game reserves, water catchment areas, national parks, government animal sanctuaries, and specially protected areas;

(h)all roads and thoroughfares provided for by an Act of Parliament;

(i)all rivers, lakes and other water bodies as defined by an Act of Parliament;

(j)the territorial sea, the exclusive economic zone and the sea bed;

(k)the continental shelf;

(l)all land between the high and low water marks;

(m)any land not classified as private or community land under this Constitution; and

(n)any other land declared to be public land by an Act of Parliament—

(i)in force at the effective date; or

(ii)enacted after the effective date.

(2)Public land shall vest in and be held by a county government in trust for the people resident in the county, and shall be administered on their behalf by the National Land Commission, if it is classified under—

(a)clause (1) (a), (c), (d) or (e); and

(b)clause (1) (b), other than land held, used or occupied by a national State organ.

(3)Public land classified under clause (1) (f) to (m) shall vest in and be held by the national government in trust for the people of Kenya and shall be administered on their behalf by the National Land Commission.

(4)Public land shall not be disposed of or otherwise used except in terms of an Act of Parliament specifying the nature and terms of that disposal or use.