Enforcement of Bill of Rights

English

(1)Every person has the right to institute court proceedings claiming that a right or fundamental freedom in the Bill of Rights has been denied, violated or infringed, or is threatened.

(2)In addition to a person acting in their own interest, court proceedings under clause (1) may be instituted by—

(a)a person acting on behalf of another person who cannot act in their own name;

(b)a person acting as a member of, or in the interest of, a group or class of persons;

(c)a person acting in the public interest; or

(d)an association acting in the interest of one or more of its members.

(3)The Chief Justice shall make rules providing for the court proceedings referred to in this Article, which shall satisfy the criteria that—

(a)the rights of standing provided for in clause (2) are fully facilitated;

(b)formalities relating to the proceedings, including commencement of the proceedings, are kept to the minimum, and in particular that the court shall, if necessary, entertain proceedings on the basis of informal documentation;

(c)no fee may be charged for commencing the proceedings;

(d)the court, while observing the rules of natural justice, shall not be unreasonably restricted by procedural technicalities; and

(e)an organisation or individual with particular expertise may, with the leave of the court, appear as a friend of the court.

(4)The absence of rules contemplated in clause (3) does not limit the right of any person to commence court proceedings under this Article, and to have the matter heard and determined by a court.

Kiswahili

Utekelezaji wa Sheria za Haki

(1)Kila mtu ana haki ya kuwasilisha kesi mahakamani akidai kwamba amenyimwa haki au uhuru wa kimsingi katika Sheria za Haki, kwamba haki au uhuru huo umekiukwa au kutishiwa.

(2)Zaidi ya mtu kuwasilisha kesi kwa niaba yake mwenyewe, kesi chini ya sehemu ya (1) inaweza kuwasilishwa na––

(a)mtu anayewasilisha kesi kwa niaba ya mtu mwingine ambaye hawezi kuwasilisha kesi kwa jina lake mwenyewe;

(b)mtu anayewasilisha kesi kwa niaba ya, au kama mwanachama wa kikundi au tabaka la watu;

(c)mtu anayewasilisha kesi kwa manufaa ya umma; au

(d)shirika linalowasilisha kesi kwa manufaa ya mwanachama mmoja au zaidi.

(3)Jaji Mkuu atatunga kanuni zitakazotoa mwongozo katika kesi zilizorejelewa katika Kifungu hiki, ambazo zitatimiza vigezo kwamba––

(a)haki za kuwasilisha kesi zilizotolewa katika sehemu ya (2) zinatekelezwa kikamilifu;

(b)hali rasmi zinazohusiana na kesi hizo, ikijumuisha kuanzishwa kwa kesi, unawekwa kwa kiwango cha chini, na hasa kwamba iwapo ni muhimu, mahakama itakubali kuendeshwa kwa kesi kwenye msingi wa hati na rekodi zisizo rasmi;

(c)hakuna ada itakayotozwa kwa kuanzisha kesi;

(d)kwa kuzingatia kanuni za haki ya kimsingi, mahakama haitazuiwa na mahitaji madogo madogo ya utaratibu; na

(e)shirika au mtu binafsi mwenye ujuzi maalum anaweza, kwa idhini ya mahakama, kujitokeza kama msaidizi wa mahakama katika kutatua maswala ya kisheria.

(4)Kukosekana kwa kanuni zinazoangaziwa katika sehemu ya (3) hakutadhibiti haki ya mtu yeyote ya kuwasilisha kesi mahakamani chini ya Kifungu hiki, na mahakama kuisikiza na kuiamua kesi hiyo.